The Contributions of Ancient Civilizations to History Essay

What contributions did near eastern civilizations make to history? New ideas and inventions of Pre History man were important, but how they evolved and led to new and more complex ideas and inventions is imperative to history. Over time these advancements brought people into a more efficient living environment, making for higher population and spread of cultural, political, economic, and social ideals over large geographical areas. What we know about the people before written records is limited to what artifacts and artwork we find. Pre History man used crude tools made of primarily stone. During the Upper Paleolithic era, beginning about 40,000 B.C., people refined these tools by using polished stone. New tools like fishhooks and†¦show more content†¦Originally used to make pottery, but later being used on donkey driven carts and chariots. The Sumerians also invented a method of dividing time into multiples of sixty that is still used today. Other inventions of the Sumerians are the sailboat, bronze plow, and a study of pharmacology and healing. Early Egyptians were behind the Sumerian cultures in most aspects of culture. During the Archaic Period (3000-2715 B.C.) The Egyptians invented their own writing system called Hieroglyphs. These were not deciphered until the nineteenth century A.D. When an artifact called the Rosetta stone was discovered with the same text in three different scripts. Probably the most famous Egyptian accomplishment was there architecture. The great Pyramids, built in the Old Kingdom (2715-2170 B.C.), are an example of their architectural superiority. The Solar calendar was another innovation ahead of any others, far more accurate than the lunar calendar created by the Sumerians. The Romans would go on to adopt the Egyptian Calendar with the Sumerian time division. In Mesopotamia there were many innovations to law and religion with the rise of the Old Babylon. A king named Hammurabi Took the throne and used deceitful tactics to take power over Mesopotamia, turning it into the Old Babylon Empire. He then standardized law and religion. He let the people worship there previous deitys, but required everyone to worship Marduk, his god. He also createdShow MoreRelatedContributions of Greek Civilization to Western Civilization825 Words   |  4 PagesAlejandra Fraguada Ancient amp; Medieval Western Civilization Contributions of Greek Civilization to Western Civilization. Ancient Greeks made many influential contributions to western civilization such as in the areas of philosophy, art and architecture, math and science. These contributions, which are also the achievements of ancient Greece, include certain things in the areas of philosophy, art, architecture, math and science. 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